TMG (Betaine) - 500 mg x 120 capsules - Trimethylglycine, 76% Betain

TMG stands for trimethylglycine or betaine, an amino acid naturally produced by our bodies from choline in small amounts. TMG's role is to participate in DNA methylation and conversion of homocysteine to methionine, which is important to keep the body healthy. High levels of homocysteine provenly increase the risk of heart disease¹, and taking higher doses of TMG through supplements might prevent it. Furthermore, TMG might help fight depression². A synergy between taking nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and TMG supplements for a longer and healthier lifespan has recently been proposed. The breakdown of NMN requires high levels of methionine, and TMG supplements might help replenish them³. TMG is safe when taken in doses of up to 15 grams per day, and the most common side effects are nausea, gastrointestinal issues, and increased levels of LDL cholesterol in the body⁴.

Product Specifications

• Capsules: 120
• Capsule material: HPMC (vegetable glucose)
• Contents:  Trimethylglycine, 76% Betaine
• Capsule sizes: 500 mg
• Container: FSC-certified, responsibly-sourced paper tube
• Container dimensions: 120 capsules: 13 cm (height), 7 cm (diameter)
• Labels: Coated paper (faster biodegrading)

TMG - Benefits

• TMG can convert homocysteine into methionine, a molecule necessary for the proper breakdown of NMN and energy synthesis. Taking TMG supplements with NMN supplements might ensure appropriate levels of homocysteine and NMN in the body.
• By lowering the levels of homocysteine in the organism, TMG ensures the health of the cardiovascular system, which is often damaged by high homocysteine levels. TMG could also lower blood insulin levels. 
• TMG might lower the incidence of depression and increase the efficacy of drugs used for cases of moderate depression, such as S-adenosyl-methionine. 

Efficacy studies

• A 2015 study by Pierro and Settembre showed that TMG supplementation (250 mg/day for a year) greatly improves the efficacy of the antidepressant drug S-adenosyl-methionine (Pierro and Settembre, 2015).
• A 2017 study by Gao et al. discovered that eating increased levels of betaine and choline through the diet decreased insulin resistance (Gao et al., 2017). 
• A 2021 review by Ashtary-Larky concluded that taking 4 grams of TMG per day significantly decreases the concentration of damaging homocysteine, which can be protective of heart health (Ashtary-Larky et al., 2021). 
• A 2021 study by Nobari et al. found that taking 2 grams of TMG every day for 14 weeks significantly improved sports performance (Nobari et al., 2021). However, several other studies found this not to be true. 

References

1. Ganguly P, Alam SF. Role of homocysteine in the development of cardiovascular disease. Nutr J. 2015 Jan 10;14:6. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-14-6.
2. Di Pierro F, Settembre R. Preliminary results of a randomized controlled trial carried out with a fixed combination of S-adenosyl-L-methionine and betaine versus amitriptyline in patients with mild depression. Int J Gen Med. 2015 Feb 4;8:73-8. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S79518. 
3. Arumugam MK, Paal MC, Donohue TM Jr, Ganesan M, Osna NA, Kharbanda KK. Beneficial Effects of Betaine: A Comprehensive Review. Biology (Basel). 2021 May 22;10(6):456. doi: 10.3390/biology10060456. 
4. LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; 2012-. Betaine. [Updated 2017 Sep 26]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK548774/

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